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The federal government said Friday that monthly inflation accelerated further in May, with prices rising 8.6% from a year ago – the fastest increase since December, 1981 and higher than the 8.3% Dow Jones projections.

On a monthly basis, the broadest measure of inflation climbed 1.0%, compared to 0.3% in April, according to the Consumer Price Index Summary.

“Core” inflation, which strips out the more volatile costs of food and gas, rose 6% over the prior year in May, more than the 5.9% that was expected.

Energy prices increased 3.9% from a month ago, bringing the annual gain to 34.6%. Within the category, fuel oil posted a 16.9% monthly gain, pushing the 12-month surge to 106.7%.

Shelter costs, which represents about a one-third weighting on the CPI, rose 0.6% for the month, the fastest one-month gain since March 2004. The 5.5% 12-month gain is the most since February 1991.

Food costs also hike another 1.2% in May, bringing the year-over-year gain to 10.1%.